| Title |
Symmetry and symmetry breaking in cancer: a foundational approach to the cancer problem
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Oncotarget, December 2017
|
| DOI | 10.18632/oncotarget.22939 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
J. James Frost, Kenneth J. Pienta, Donald S. Coffey |
| Abstract |
Symmetry and symmetry breaking concepts from physics and biology are applied to the problem of cancer. Three categories of symmetry breaking in cancer are examined: combinatorial, geometric, and functional. Within these categories, symmetry breaking is examined for relevant cancer features, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT); tumor heterogeneity; tensegrity; fractal geometric and information structure; functional interaction networks; and network stabilizability and attack tolerance. The new cancer symmetry concepts are relevant to homeostasis loss in cancer and to its origin, spread, treatment and resistance. Symmetry and symmetry breaking could provide a new way of thinking and a pathway to a solution of the cancer problem. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 14 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Australia | 1 | 7% |
| Romania | 1 | 7% |
| United States | 1 | 7% |
| Brazil | 1 | 7% |
| Guyana | 1 | 7% |
| Canada | 1 | 7% |
| Germany | 1 | 7% |
| Unknown | 7 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 11 | 79% |
| Scientists | 2 | 14% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 7% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 32 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 32 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Researcher | 7 | 22% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 7 | 22% |
| Student > Master | 3 | 9% |
| Other | 3 | 9% |
| Professor > Associate Professor | 2 | 6% |
| Other | 3 | 9% |
| Unknown | 7 | 22% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Engineering | 5 | 16% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 5 | 16% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 3 | 9% |
| Mathematics | 2 | 6% |
| Computer Science | 2 | 6% |
| Other | 7 | 22% |
| Unknown | 8 | 25% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 412. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 08 July 2022.
All research outputs
#69,869
of 25,089,705 outputs
Outputs from Oncotarget
#27
of 14,262 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#1,587
of 451,753 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Oncotarget
#2
of 877 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,089,705 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 99th percentile: it's in the top 5% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 14,262 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 6.6. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 99% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 451,753 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 99% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 877 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 99% of its contemporaries.